Disinfecting the Water Using Combined Disinfectants

Course Summary:

This course provides guidance for disinfecting the water using combined disinfectants. This course discusses recent industry applications of multiple disinfectants to meet the varied requirements for inactivation and reduction in DBPs. The initial discussion focuses on traditional disinfectants used in primary and secondary application. This is followed by a discussion of interactive disinfectants where two disinfectants are applied together specifically to achieve primary disinfection.

Two separate disinfectants can be used to provide primary and secondary disinfection. By separating the primary and secondary disinfection functions, the processes can be optimized for maximum inactivation and minimum DBP formation. Interactive disinfection (using synergism between two disinfectants to enhance inactivation) can serve as a primary disinfectant. Data on the inactivation efficiency of combined disinfectants are still being generated with much information coming from controlled laboratory studies. Additional information is still needed, specifically on full-scale implementation. Dual (primary/secondary) disinfection for DBP control is well established as a preferred treatment option. The efficiency and application of combined disinfectants follow to a large extent the limitations and features of the individual disinfectant. The combined disinfectant is often a more effective disinfectant.

Learning Objective:

• PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DISINFECTANTS
  • DBP Formation with Various Primary and Secondary Disinfectant
• Combinations
  • Impact of Modifying Disinfection Practices
  • Chlorine/Chlorine to Chlorine/Chloramine
  • Chlorine/Chlorine to Ozone/Chlorine
  • Chlorine/Chlorine to Ozone/Chloramine
  • Chlorine/Chlorine to Chlorine Dioxide/Chlorine
  • Chlorine/Chlorine to Chlorine Dioxide/Chlorine Dioxide
  • Chlorine/Chloramine to Ozone/Chloramine
  • Chlorine/Chloramine to Chlorine Dioxide/Chloramine
  • Ozone/Chlorine to Ozone/Chloramine
  • Summary
• PATHOGEN INACTIVATION WITH INTERACTIVE DISINFECTANTS
  • Inactivation Mechanism
  • Environmental Effects
  • Pathogen Inactivation Efficiency Using Interactive Disinfectants
  • Summary: Pathogen Inactivation with Interactive Disinfectants
• ANALYTICAL METHODS
  • Ozone
  • Chlorine Dioxide
  • Potassium Permanganate
  • Chloramine
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • UV Radiation
  • Summary of Analytical Methods
• SUMMARY

Review the quiz before studying the course.

Course Content

Course Author: Environmental Protection Agency